Barnes Noble, Inc. Essay - 3301 Words

Barnes Noble, Inc. (BN) is a Fortune 500 company, the world’s largest bookseller and the nation’s highest-rated bookselling brand. In the early 1960s, Leonard Roggio acquired a traditional bookstore owned by Charles Barnes in New York and transformed it into the biggest bookstore in the U.S. today. The company is currently made up of three segments - retail, college bookstore and e-reader. According to BN.com, the company runs approximately 1,300 bookstores, including 605 retail bookstores in 50 states along with more than 700 BN College bookstores (BN, 2014). As a result of the dramatic changes in the retail bookselling industry, Barnes Noble has shifted from a traditional brick-and-mortar bookstore to a multi-channel retailer. The company has established an online channel through BN.com offering more than one million book titles. Between its retail stores and online operations, Barnes Noble sells around 200 million physical books per year. In addition, BN launched NOOK, a brand of e-reading products designed to give the company a substantial foothold in the e-book market as well as NOOK store, an expansive database of over four million digital books. Definition of the Book Stores Industry According to IBIS World, the bookstore industry mainly carries a wide variety of books, newspapers and journals including trade books, textbooks, magazines, hard and soft covers and religious books. Merchandise is acquired from both domestic and international manufacturersShow MoreRelated barnes and noble Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pages Barnes amp; Noble does business -- big business -- by the book. As the #1 bookseller in the US, it operates about 650 superstores throughout 49 states and the District of Columbia under the banners Barnes amp; Noble, Bookstop, and Bookstar, as well as about 200 mall stores using the names B. Dalton, Doubleday, and Scribners. The companys GameStop subsidiary is the #1 US video game retailer with about 1,500 stores under the names Babbages Etc., GameStop, and FuncoLand. Barnes amp; Noble ownedRead MoreBarnes Noble - Business Analysis1191 Words   |  5 Pages [pic] 1. Value Proposition Barnes Noble, Inc. operates as a content, commerce, and technology company in the United States. It provides access to books, magazines, newspapers, and other content through its multi-channel distribution platform. The company sells its products directly to customers through its bookstores and on barnesandnoble.com. Barnes Noble conducts its online business through Barnes Noble.com, one of the Web’s largest e-commerce sites, whichRead MoreBarnes and Noble Case Study7050 Words   |  29 PagesManagement Project 10th of december 2010 History In 1873, Charles Barnes opened a book-printing business in the USA. The first bookstore was set up by his son, William, in partnership with G. Clifford Noble, in 1917 in New York and it is the advent of Barnes and Noble. In 1932, at the height of the Great Depression, the bookstore was moved to its current location on Fifth Avenue. Barnes amp; Noble was acquired by Leonard Riggio in 1971, who oversaw the growth of the business. LeonardRead MoreeBusiness Model: Amazon.com1342 Words   |  6 PagesFurthermore, online commerce has saved time and money for consumers, so Amazon made the right business decision to pursue this window of opportunity. Next, Amazon is more competitive than any other online bookstore such as Barnes and Noble and Borders. After browsing the Barnes and Noble and Border websites and reading their reviews, I feel that Amazon ranks high in content, professionalism, effectiveness, and functionality as shown in Table 1. Amazon has a diverse collection of products, its customerRead MoreFacebook Communication Strategies Between Amazon And Barnes1365 Words   |  6 Pages Comparison Report – Facebook communication strategies between Amazon and Barnes Nobles Johnny R. Polanco DeVry University MGMT-550 Managerial Communication January 25, 2015 Facebook communication strategies between Amazon and Barnes Nobles The scope of this project is to analyze similar or comparable organizations like Amazon and Barnes Noble, and compare their communication strategies on Facebook. The gathered and analyzed information will explain and helpRead MoreA Complete Financial Analysis Of Amazon.com1302 Words   |  6 Pagesand singers, the rights to sell and publish their works (Amazon.com Inc Company Profile). Amazon’s return on assets has increased between 2012 and 2013. However, from 2013 to 2014 the return on assets has decreased greatly (Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for Amazon). Currently the company’s return on assets is -0.51. The company’s Current Ratio is 1.12. Its quick ratio is 0.82 and its cash ratio is 0.62 (Amazon.com Inc MarketWatch). Amazon.com is in the Internet industry. Financial AnalysisRead MoreStarbucks : The Leading Coffee House1111 Words   |  5 Pagesoccurred in 1993, when Starbucks formed a strategic alliance with Barnes and Noble bookstores to become their in house coffee house (Isidro, 2004). The two companies recognized that books and coffee were a natural fit. Barnes and Noble had already initiated a plan to convert its superstores into hubs of community life, and determined a type of cafà © was needed to produce a more tempting ambiance for its patrons. Barnes and Noble, Inc., a Fortune 500 corporation, manages 647 retail stores throughoutRead MoreBarnes Noble: The Book Store Chain Essay988 Words   |  4 Pagesshutting down their operations and only a few are still operating in the country. Barnes and Noble has become the largest bookseller in the book retailers industry. The firm has integrated its business philosophy into web presence though eBook marketplace. This business strategy assisted the firm to be able to reach a la rge scale customers and remain as a strongest competitor in the book retailing market. Barnes Noble was successful on releasing the NOOK tablets, which responsible for major contributionRead MoreTaking a Look at Barnes Noble1094 Words   |  5 Pagesshutting down their operations and only a few are still operating in the country. Barnes and Noble has become the largest bookseller in the book retailers industry (1). The firm has integrated its business philosophy into web presence though eBook marketplace. This business strategy assisted the firm to be able to reach a large scale customers and remain as a strongest competitor in the book retailing market. Barnes Noble was successful on releasing the NOOK tablets, which responsible for major contributionRead MoreStrategic and Financial Planning1045 Words   |  5 Pageswill incur, possible profits from sales, and what kind of risk they will encounter. Strategic Planning Initiative – Barnes and Noble and the NOOK Over time technical innovations have changed the way of life for millions. These breakthroughs continue to surface and understanding these technologies and how to properly utilize them is essential in the business world. Barnes and Noble is a business that has embraced these changing times and is proving their ability to keep up. The NOOK is a digital reading

Red Bulls 4p and Swot Analysis - 2159 Words

European Consumer Markets: Issues and Trends Coursework 1 – Group presentation about: Introduction of the company Red Bull Ltd. is a very fast-paced company. Between the start of sales in Austria in 1987 and 2010 it has spread its activities to 162 countries worldwide (Red Bull, 2011a). It is present in all European countries, which enables this report to examine how Red Bull has to adapt its product and marketing to different cultures. The Austrian entrepreneur Dietrich Mateschitz founded Red Bull in 1984, realising that the trend of drinking â€Å"tonic water† in Asia could mean a market niche in Europe. He discovered the drink Krating Daeng in Thailand and made a license agreement with TC Pharmaceuticals to market the product in Europe†¦show more content†¦Besides the sport events Red Bull organizes many music and art events as well. The company’s world-wide music event called Red Bull Music Academy. For its 14th year, the Red Bull Music Academy is hopping around the globe, curating workshops, concerts, art installations, studio sessions, and parties in 10 exotic locales (Spin, 2011). Each national Red Bull has its own sport and music events like Red Bull City Shred or Red Bull Liszt Remix. Sponsor activities The company has more than 400 athletes around the world and they are the official sponsor of many teams such as the Red Bull Formula-1 Racing Team, the Red Bull Salzburg Football Team and the Red Bull New York Football Team (Red Bull, 2011f). Products Red Bull has adapted the product to the different necessities of the customers. The company offers the normal Red Bull energy drink for the majority of the customers, those who are just looking for a push of energy in a specific moment. The Red Bull sugar free is in the market for those customers that look for a healthy energy drink that does not generate a step back in their diet. With Red Bull cola the company opens the market for cola drinks lovers and can compete easily with cola soft drinks companies. There also exist different Red Bulls for different situations. The Red Bull energy shot allows the customer to drink this energy drink very fast. It is useful for situations where is not easy to handle a can such as in the middle of a meeting or while theShow MoreRelatedThe Marketing Plan For The Luxembourg Based Company3529 Words   |  15 Pagesmarkers can understand the needs and wants of their consumers and develop position and promote their products to the right target market through the right distribution channels by the support of the right advertising strategies. Competitor Analysis (SWOT) The Nature of Competitive Advantage It is critical to the success of all marketing organizations that they achieve some sort of competitive advantage in the marketplace. A competitive advantage can be achieved only when two distinct conditions

Fashion “The Craze Among Youth”. Free Essays

Every person Is fashion conscious. Fashion Is very popular among the school boys and girls, They do It in a competitive spirit to look smart. up-to-date and attractive. We will write a custom essay sample on Fashion â€Å"The Craze Among Youth†. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Students like actors and actresses. Some of them see a film to copy the latest fashion. It is mostly the college students who look upon fashion as the very stuff of their conscience. Being fashionable Is the only real passport to high society and popularity In the college. Students put on expensive and fascinating clothes of the latest cut, color and design. The students spend a lot ot money on clothes and other things In ife for sake of variety. They do not realize that they are wasting their precious time and energy in this effort. In addition, they waste the hard-earned money of their parents. Students have become crazy after fashion. But this is all being done at the cost of their studies. They are wasting the precious time of their life. Sometimes, poor parents are burdened with fashion bills. 853 Words Free Sample Essay on Fashion Thus, every one should try to have some leisure and make the best use of it by taking to some good hobby or the other. Great caution should be exercised; in choosing a hobby. We should choose a hobby which recoups our energy and provides relaxation and recreation. Young people all over the world are becoming more and more fashion conscious. Young students, whether boys or girls, are crazy about it they want to look smart and beautiful by wearing dresses of the latest designs. In order to boost the sales of their dresses, leading cloth mills and dress†making firms engage reputed fashion designers and beautiful models. Fashion parades and shows are held In big five star hotels to exhibit the latest dresses. Fashion Is no longer the monopoly of women. Even men have great fancy for It. In fact, the latest unl-sex dresses Ilke shirts and Jeans can be worn both by the girls and the boys. Today, the biggest centers of the latest fashions in the world are Paris, London, Hollywood and New York. In India, Mumbai. Delhi, Chandigarh, Lucknow, Jaipur, Shimla etc. have become centers of high fashion. Students generally try to copy fashions from films. Fashion has permeated all spheres of our life. It is followed not only in clothes but also in hair-styles, shoes, etiquette or manners. Some people are content to wear fashionable clothes. Others go In for fashionable hair-styles. ull others adopt the latest trend In their speech and manner. All these people want to look impressive and attract the attention ot others. They want to look different in the eyes of others. Fashion is neither stable nor eternal. It is ever-changing. The change in fashion takes place so fast that people sometimes find it very difficult to catch up with it Students in India also have become quite fashion conscious. In a college campus, one can see both girls and boys wearing all types of clothes. Girls wear whatever their favorite heroines wear. Boys try to emulate their favorite heroes. Fashion knows no frontiers. It travels across countries very fast. when students In India see latest foreign films from Hollywood, they adopt the latest fashions from these films. They even imitate the way of life, speech, manners, actions, clothes, hair-styles of their favorite foreign actors and actresses. Some students spend a lot of money and devote considerable time on their make-up. They neglect their studies Their books gather dust These students hardly realist that by neglecting their studies, they are ruining their own career. ‘ Of2 students oTten seem to surer Trom a mlstaKen notlon tnat Tasnlon means wearing lothes and other costly items like Jewellery, etc. The fact is that sometimes expensive clothes and heavy make-up may prove counterproductive. It may even have a negative effect on one’s personality. Some people look smarter in simple clothes than in expensive clothes. As the old saying goes, beauty needs no ornaments. In fact simplicity is the best fashion, If students pursue fashion at the cost of their education, they will be left behind in their studies. This will spoil their prospects of a bright future. If they want to be successful in life, their motto should not be fashion but ‘simple living and high thinking. Unfortunately, college boys and girls have started regarding even smoking as a fashion. One can see a number of boys and girls sitting in college restaurants and enjoying a smoke. Those who have costly brands of cigarette packets and imported cigarette lighters feel proud. Some students go to the extent of taking intoxicating drugs like ‘heroin’, LSD, Hashish, Marijuana, etc. Drinking is also considered as a symbol of modern society and high fashion. These habits adversely affect the health of students. A conscious effort should be made both by the teachers and parents to dissuade their children from falling prey to these anti- ocial habits in the name of fashion. No doubt fashion spreads like wild fire especially when fashion critics hail any new design as ultra modern. Slowly a fashion percolates first to the middle- class families and then to the poor strata of society. Once it becomes common, it loses its novelty. Fashion conscious boys and girls then look out for something else which is new and exclusive. But â€Å"fashion† should not be given wide meaning so as to include everything which is being followed in western countries. Due respect should be paid to one’s native countrys way of living also. Whether the influence of western culture is a boon or a curse to the Indian youth, is a controversial topic. No culture is good or bad. After all, every culture is an educative refinement, a product of an era. It is the understanding of a culture and methods of pursuing it that can make it good or bad in the eyes of other people. Thus, it cannot be concluded that every western influence is harmful. Indian youth, instead of following the west blindly, should try to grasp the very essence of western culture and help it in enriching his own. Only then can true development take place. How to cite Fashion â€Å"The Craze Among Youth†., Papers

Cultural Clusters and Local Economic Development

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Clusters and Local Economic Development. Answer: Introduction Cultural diversity and cross cultures plays a vital role as it defines the variety of human societies or culture of a particular region, state or country in the world or as a whole. United Kingdom is one of the most attractive countries now days and favorite place for many tourists, for foreign investors who wants to invest their money. But due to low cross cultural operations, the country fails to achieve success. There are various aspects on which the difference of culture is explained that is communication styles, language, clothing, food, rituals, myths, cultures, tradition, festivals, etc. communication is a big difference as it creates misunderstandings. The culture diversities may become an advantage but sometimes it becomes inconvenient too. So, it can be said that the behaviors of different people in the company can be the point of difference that can be a positive factors or negative factors (McDougall, and Oviatt, 2000). In this study, the main focus is on the culture diversities of Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom. It is observed that there are significant difference between the two nations, the contrasting behavior and nature of both the countries made them totally different from each other. The discussion will be on the similarities and differences in the organizational culture and also in the managerial process of both the countries. There are various challenges and issues faced by the international managers of both the countries while working in cross culture and diverse world. They have to manage the decision making, international headship theories, etc. (Javidan, Dorfman, De Luque, and House, 2006) Cultural diversity The culture of Saudi Arabia is founded by Islamic religion that is very old and strict. This is the reason due to which there are many difference between the culture of Saudi Arabia and UK. The culture of Saudi Arabia is polychromic society. The people of this society and involve in many things at a time as they adopt flexible time period. They can change the plans and activities easily (Tsui, 2004). The culture of United Kingdom is very much influenced by the history of UK. And it is developed by the country of island. The country is very much prominent in television, philosophy, science, technology, etc. there was a revolution in the industry sector of the country that affected the culture of United Kingdom. As a result of that revolution, the socio-culture of the country was changed. The influence of this country is on the entire world. The language of this country has become an international language. United Kingdom is one of the most attractive countries now days and favorite place for many tourists, for foreign investors who wants to invest their money. The culture of this country is very distinctive and different from all the nations of the world (Amabile, et.al. 2001). Culture affects on different countries Basis of difference Saudi Arabia United kingdom Orientation The culture has a great impact on the orientation of the employees working in the company. The orientation of this country is very strict. Communication The communication of the employees and managers are very formal and flow from top to bottom level. The language spoken here is English. They want to promote their language to entire world. The communication of this country is very effective and impressive. There is generally informal flow of communication takes place between the superior and subordinates. The employees and personnel of this country are very frank and flexible in communication skills. Decision -making The process of decisions making is very important The decision making of this country is takes place through mutual decision making The leaders and managers of this country are very flexible and give importance to the ideas and views of the other people. They entertain the views and ethics of other cultures (Kramer, 2001). The process of decision making is in the hand of top level authority. They are the whole sole decision maker of the country. As the ruler of this country is an autocratic leader. So the entire country is following the autocratic style of leadership and decision making (Yamazaki, and Kayes, 2004). Similarities between the both countries organizational and managerial cultures There are both similarities and differences in the two countries United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia. There is determined orientation between both the countries. There are significant ways that are used by managers of both the countries. It is not compulsory that everyone can understand the similarity and dissimilarity between the cultures. The major similarity between both the countries is that both are kingdoms. However Saudi Arabia is headed by king Abdullah and United Kingdom is headed by Elizabeth the second. In united kingdom there is an elected prime minister who rule the country while in Saudi Arabia the king himself is the ruling prime minister of the country. The other similarities are that the education patterns of both the countries are almost same like for the subjects, math, science, and physics (Scullion, and Collings, 2011). The organizational culture of the countries depends on the organization and the kind of work takes place in the same. Similarly, the managerial styles of the country depend on the organization. They are interrelated to each other. It is the fact that no countrys managerial and organizational styles are similar yet different to each other. They are purely dependant on the working of the organization, the kind of business performed by the organization, number of employees, size of the business, etc. in this way, it is very difficult to define the managerial and organizational qualities of Saudi Arabia and united kingdom separately. Instead of this, the trend is that multinational companies are following the same organizational and managerial theories in their organizations to have competitive advantage. To cope up with the diversified cultures, the companies are trying to adopt the policies used by the other companies and the competitors present in the market. In this way, it is said t hat these countries and their organizations are applying the same theories and strategies in the growth and development of the companies. Dissimilarities between the both countries organizational and managerial cultures The education system of United Kingdom is divided among the two education system that is schooling and home education. Home education is for the students who belong to rich and kings family. For other students the education system is similar. This kind of home education system does not applied in Saudi Arabia. There are schools for all types of students (Kirkman, and Shapiro, 2001). In UK, males and females het the education together but in Saudi Arabia, the males and females attended completely seprated schools and colleagues. The employement rate for the females in Saudi Arabia is very less as compared to UK. In Saudi Arabia, the women want to stay at home and take care of children and household. While in UK, almost every women is well educated and working. Even the non- working women, join the market of labor. The religion of not the countries is also different a sin UK the religion is Christianity and in Saudi Arabia, the religion is Islamic (Tsui, Nifadkar, and Ou, 2007). Cross-culture skills for international managers Global leadership and international business management- The managers of both the countries who are working in cross culture have to manage between the diverse environments. There are various aspects like handling meetings, intercultural communication, intercultural challenges, problem solving, decision making, etc. (Kirkman, Chen, Farh, Chen, and Lowe, 2009) Working virtually across the different cultures There is a requirement of managing and making strategies and policies to manage the international teams, emails, audio, video conferencing, etc. (Bhagat, Kedia, Harveston, and Triandis, 2002) Preparing for overseas assignments- An international manager has to prepare himself for the international assignments that he has to do in future. There are several workshops, related to minimize the culture shock. They have to face different societies and their rituals. They have to prepare assignments and projects for different cultures and for that they need to study the cultures (Irani, Beskese, and Love, 2004). Marketing and negotiation on international level- To achieve and international outcomes, the managers have to tackle with various types of marketing and negotiating techniques. They learn how to manage in international markets of various countries. Like in Saudi Arabia, there is a trend to wish the other party by bending infront of them whether they are younger or older than you (David, and Fahey, 2000). Management of teams and groups in the joint ventures and projects There are some key skills that are must in international managers that will be mentioned in this study. He must have the skills regarding Recruitment, performance appraisal, mentoring, motivation and counseling of team and employees. In order to build more effective teams, the managers must be eligible in resolving of internal and external tension and issues. He should conduct meeting timely so that he is able to draw positive results o cultural diversity. He has the skills to achieve creativity from the team members by encouraging them to participate and has the capability to resolve the inter-department problem. He must design coaching and training schemes and also metrics of the training impact. He must have good control on all the policies and strategies framed out by the same (Cooke, and Lazzeretti, 2008). Autocratic vs. delegated leaders Style Best use Strengths Weaknesses Autocratic It is best used in the situations where the crises are raised and there is need of quick decisions without any dissent The efficiency is incredible Decision takes place in very less time The work get easily done Sometimes, the employees and team manners are feel neglected Poor behavior of leaders Leads to high turnover and absenteeism Delegated It is most usable in the working teams and groups as it is the essential part. It helps in productivity and efficiency of the individuals (Nazroo, 2003). It provides highly job satisfaction They are also productive The members are involved in decision so they feel valued Staff members remained engaged Creativity is also engaged (Kozulin, 2003). The process of decision making is slow Hinders the situation where fast decision and efficiency is required The team members may work without any expertise to provide high-quality input The difference between leadership style in united kingdom and Saudi Arabia is that in this country the types of leadership is autocratic while in united kingdom the type of leadership style is democratic or delegated style. It is the fact that delegated styles is better than democratic (Fiske, 2005). Superior subordinate relation in managing terms The relationship of superiors and subordinates is very delicate and sensitive as there are many conflicts and negotiation takes place between both f them. The superiors-subordinate relations of all the countries are almost similar. It depends on the bond and relation between the two parties. The meaning of superiors-subordinate relation refers to the way of communications and interactions takes place between the two parties like leaders or managers and their subordinates like team memes or groups (Boyd, and Crawford, 2012). In both the countries, the flow of communication stakes place from top to lower lever. There are two types of communication that is satisfactory upward and downward. The international managers of the company are very smart is performing their roles and how to manage the combination system in the organization. The main motive of communication is to promote openness and to build bond between the superior and subordinates. It helps in maintaining relationship between them (Veletsianos, and Kimmons, 2012). Theories of cross-cultural Management In order to have effective cross cultural management in the organization, the managers have to manage an effective system. There are various approaches in which the managers have to manage the cross cultures of the countries like Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom (Garcia-Ramon, 2003). The theories of cross cultural management help the companies to cope up with the challenges and issues faced by the companies while doing transactions in the international markets. They are purely dependant on the working of the organization, the kind of business performed by the organization, number of employees, size of the business, etc. in this way, it is very difficult to define the managerial and organizational qualities of Saudi Arabia and United kingdom separately. Instead of this, the trend is that multinational companies are following the same organizational and managerial theories in their organizations to have competitive advantage. To cope up with the diversified cultures, the companies are trying to adopt the policies used by the other companies and the competitors present in the market. There are two categories of culture that is high context culture and low context culture. A high context culture is a culture in which is highly established and developed like Saudi Arabia. These cultures have very rigid cultures, strong beliefs, attitudes. The low context cultures are like United Kingdom that are not much rigid but respect their own cultures (Sidani, 2005). Greet Hofstede theory of cross cultural The other theory of cultural is Greet Hofstede theory of cross cultural (Hofstede, 1980). According to this theory, the culture of a country is identified through the various dimensions at a level of a country. These dimensions are individual collectivism, large versus small power distance, masculinity-feminist, long-term versus short-term orientation and also the uncertainity avoidance (Vogel, 2000). Large versus small power distance- In large power distance the power and authority is distributed very unequally and unfairly but in small power distribution, the power is distributed fairly among all. Strong versus weak uncertainty avoidance- The strong uncertainty avoidance is situations in which the employees feel very uncomfortable, with uncertainty and ambiguity. In such situation there is a need to support the employee, provide them surety and stability so that they will feel comfortable. While the weak certainty avoidance in a situation in which there is a need of autonomy, lower structure and employees are tolerant of uncertainty (Goursand, et.al. 2008). Individualism versus collectivism- In individualism, organisation work with loosely knitted social model in the company as well as in the society but in weak uncertainly avoidance they prefer a tightly knit social model (Hamdan, 2005). Masculinity versus femininity- If the companies are adopting the masculinity than they refers to prefer the fulfilment of the fierceness, heroism, material source and forcefulness in feminity there referred to prefer relationships, modesty, caring and nurturing for the quality o work and quality of better life (Chan, and Goldthorpe, 2007). Fons Trompenaars theory of cross-cultural The next theory of cultural management is established by Fons Trompenaars. There are seven dimensions of this theory that are related to the relations of the employees or the other personnel working in the organization (Krenawi, Graham, Dean, and Eltaiba, 2004). The seven dimensions are Individualism vs. Collectivism (communitarians), Universalism vs. Particularism, Specific vs. Diffuse, Neutral vs. Emotional, Linear vs. Circular, Internal vs. external control, Achievement vs. Ascription These all are the ways through which a company can manage the cross culture diversity in their country. Conclusion From this study, a conclusion is made that the difference in the countries and its people is the culture of that country. It can be either the traditions, customers, etc that every country ha with it whether it is east or west. The culture of the country is based on its community f people, pattern of social behavior like customers, literatures, history, believes, heritage, dress, language, and many thing related to the same. There is a combination of cultural and society in this study. There are both similarities and differences in the two countries United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia. There is determined orientation between both the countries. There are significant ways that are used by managers of both the countries. It is not compulsory that everyone can understand the similarity and dissimilarity between the cultures. Throughout the time, countries and companies realize the value of cross culture diversity. It can be identified through the benefits companies are earning while working with different countries. The world has now become a global village. It is clear that the cross cultural studies are very relevant for the managers and leaders of todays world as they have to manage the business operations and functions in the international markets. In order t have efficiency in the company, the need is to have critical analysis of the culture of other country in which the business operations are taking place. In this context, the countries are started liking and respecting the cultures of other nations. In this study, we have learnt various types of management theories for the cross culture. The countries are taking interest in establishing business sin other countries. In this study, the main focus is on the two country's culture that is Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom. References Al-Krenawi, A., Graham, J.R., Dean, Y.Z. and Eltaiba, N., 2004. Cross-national study of attitudes towards seeking professional help: Jordan, United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Arabs in Israel. International journal of social psychiatry, 50(2), pp.102-114. Amabile, T.M., Patterson, C., Mueller, J., Wojcik, T., Odomirok, P.W., Marsh, M. and Kramer, S.J., 2001. Academic-practitioner collaboration in management research: A case of cross-profession collaboration. Academy of Management Journal, 44(2), pp.418-431. Bhagat, R.S., Kedia, B.L., Harveston, P.D. and Triandis, H.C., 2002. Cultural variations in the cross-border transfer of organizational knowledge: An integrative framework. Academy of management review, 27(2), pp.204-221. Boyd, D. and Crawford, K., 2012. Critical questions for big data: Provocations for a cultural, technological, and scholarly phenomenon. Information, communication society, 15(5), pp.662-679. Chan, T.W. and Goldthorpe, J.H., 2007. Social stratification and cultural consumption: Music in England. European sociological review, 23(1), pp.1-19. Cooke, P.N. and Lazzeretti, L. eds., 2008. Creative cities, cultural clusters and local economic development. Edward Elgar Publishing. David, W. and Fahey, L., 2000. Diagnosing cultural barriers to knowledge management. The Academy of management executive, 14(4), pp.113-127. Fiske, J. (Ed.). (2005). Cultural Studies. Routledge. Garcia-Ramon, M.D., 2003. Globalization and international geography: the questions of languages and scholarly traditions. Progress in human geography, 27(1), pp.1-5. Goursand, D., Paiva, S.M., Zarzar, P.M., Ramos-Jorge, M.L., Cornacchia, G.M., Pordeus, I.A. and Allison, P.J., 2008. Cross-cultural adaptation of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 1114 (CPQ 1114) for the Brazilian Portuguese language. Health and quality of life outcomes, 6(1), p.2. Hamdan, A., 2005. Women and Education in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and Achievements. International Education Journal, 6(1), pp.42-64. Hofstede, G 1980, Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Irani, Z., Beskese, A. and Love, P.E.D., 2004. Total quality management and corporate culture: constructs of organisational excellence. Technovation, 24(8), pp.643-650. Javidan, M., Dorfman, P.W., De Luque, M.S. and House, R.J., 2006. In the eye of the beholder: Cross cultural lessons in leadership from project GLOBE. The academy of management perspectives, 20(1), pp.67-90. Kirkman, B.L. and Shapiro, D.L., 2001. The impact of cultural values on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in self-managing work teams: The mediating role of employee resistance. Academy of Management journal, 44(3), pp.557-569. Kirkman, B.L., Chen, G., Farh, J.L., Chen, Z.X. and Lowe, K.B., 2009. Individual power distance orientation and follower reactions to transformational leaders: A cross-level, cross-cultural examination. Academy of Management Journal, 52(4), pp.744-764. Kozulin, A., 2003. Vygotsky's educational theory in cultural context. Cambridge University Press. McDougall, P.P. and Oviatt, B.M., 2000. International entrepreneurship: the intersection of two research paths. Academy of management Journal, 43(5), pp.902-906. Nazroo, J.Y., 2003. The structuring of ethnic inequalities in health: economic position, racial discrimination, and racism. American journal of public health, 93(2), pp.277-284. Scullion, H. and Collings, D., 2011. Global talent management. Routledge. Sidani, Y., 2005. Women, work, and Islam in Arab societies. Women in Management Review, 20(7), pp.498-512. Tsui, A.S., 2004. Contributing to global management knowledge: A case for high quality indigenous research. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 21(4), pp.491-513. Tsui, A.S., Nifadkar, S.S. and Ou, A.Y., 2007. Cross-national, cross-cultural organizational behavior research: Advances, gaps, and recommendations. Journal of management, 33(3), pp.426-478. Veletsianos, G. and Kimmons, R., 2012. Networked participatory scholarship: Emergent techno-cultural pressures toward open and digital scholarship in online networks. Computers Education, 58(2), pp.766-774. Vogel, F.E., 2000. Islamic Law and the Legal System of Saud: Studies of Saudi Arabia (Vol. 8). Brill. Yamazaki, Y. and Kayes, D.C., 2004. An experiential approach to cross-cultural learning: A review and integration of competencies for successful expatriate adaptation. Academy of Management Learning Education, 3(4), pp.362-379.